De Moscú a Caracas hasta Ciudad de México: ¿quiénes proveen petróleo a Cuba?
Desde la captura de Nicolás Maduro, los apagones, un problema crónico, se han intensificado. En amplias zonas del país superan las 20 horas diarias.
TL;DR
- Cuba's economy is in a deep crisis, with fuel imports being a highly sensitive and guarded topic.
- The island depends on fuel imports for its electricity grid, and blackouts have worsened since the capture of Nicolás Maduro.
- U.S. President Trump has signed an executive order allowing tariffs on goods from countries that sell or provide oil to Cuba.
- Cuba needs an estimated 110,000 barrels of oil per day, with about 70,000 requiring importation.
- Venezuela, Russia, and Mexico are identified as historical or recent suppliers of oil to Cuba, though figures are hard to verify.
- Sixty-five percent of Cuba's fuel is used for its aging thermoelectric plants.
- There are reports of Cuba reselling some of Venezuela's oil to China for foreign currency.
- Mexico, under Andrés Manuel López Obrador, significantly increased fuel supplies to Havana, though the current administration has not confirmed a halt.
- A 30% drop in fuel availability could lead to a 27% decrease in Cuba's GDP, significant price increases for food and transportation, and a drop in household consumption.