98% of Colombian Foreign Trade Depends on the Sea: Experts Analyze Sector Risks

TL;DR

Approximately 98% of Colombia's exported and imported cargo tonnage is moved by sea, with about 80% of exports leaving through national ports.
In the first half of 2025, Colombia moved over 85 million tons of cargo, indicating dynamic international trade but also highlighting logistical infrastructure challenges.
84% of maritime traffic is concentrated in the Caribbean region (Cartagena, Santa Marta, Coveñas, Barranquilla), with Buenaventura leading on the Pacific coast, increasing vulnerability to disruptions.
Key risks for the sector include access road congestion, operational errors, cyberattacks, terrorism, piracy, and geopolitical conflicts.
Colombian maritime insurance is underdeveloped, with significant reliance on international reinsurance, impacting the country's ability to manage large-scale risks autonomously.
The insurance sector needs to become more sophisticated to protect the country's logistics infrastructure and ensure the stability of foreign trade.

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