Economías regionales crecen bajo control de grupos armados mientras los combatientes superan los 27.000 en Colombia

Periodista Portafolio04.02.2026 13:52 Actualizado: 04.02.2026 18:33

Economías regionales crecen bajo control de grupos armados mientras los combatientes superan los 27.000 en Colombia

TL;DR

  • Regional economies in Colombia are growing but operate under armed group control, not state rules.
  • This informal regulation and rent capture do not translate into development for the people.
  • Economic growth is precarious, fragmented, and heavily influenced by violence, which is intensifying in some areas.
  • Illegal armed groups have increased by approximately 23% compared to the previous year, reaching over 27,000 members.
  • The conflict is characterized by multiple armed structures with fragmented territorial interests, leading to increased disputes.
  • 13 regions currently have active armed disputes, nearly double the number at the start of the current government.
  • Armed groups influence formal sectors, imposing their own rules and affecting local hiring and public resource allocation.
  • The economy diversifies beyond drug trafficking to include illegal mining, deforestation, land grabbing, and human trafficking.
  • Economic growth does not equate to sustainable development or regional convergence, widening gaps between regions.
  • Over one million people were affected by displacement, confinement, and mobility restrictions in 2025.
  • Armed groups act as arbiters in economic life in consolidated areas, regulating activities and extracting rent.
  • Despite criminal governance, some regions like Urabá show economic activity, such as banana cultivation and infrastructure projects.
  • Addressing the issue requires understanding the economics sustaining armed groups and fostering long-term strategies.
  • Transformation requires state, private sector, and community articulation to break the cycle of growth under armed rules.