Mexican scientists investigate the development of the country's most common skin cancer
Scientists from UNAM are leading a genomic investigation into acral melanoma, a type of skin cancer that accounts for about half of cases in Mexico and whose cause is not yet fully understood.
TL;DR
- Mexican scientists are leading a study to better understand acral melanoma, a type of skin cancer common in Mexico.
- Acral melanoma affects palms, soles, and under the nails, and represents about half of melanoma diagnoses in Mexico.
- The cause of acral melanoma is not well understood, and it is considered rare in Europe and the US.
- Unlike other melanomas linked to UV radiation, acral melanoma is often detected at later stages, leading to a worse prognosis.
- Genomic sequencing of 92 Mexican patients revealed that genetic mutations driving tumor development vary by ancestry.
- Patients with European ancestry more frequently have mutations in the BRAF gene, for which targeted therapies exist.
- Patients with higher Native American ancestry show mutations in genes like KIT, for which specific treatments are still being investigated.
- The tumor may originate from different pigment cell types, influencing drug response.
- The study highlights the importance of generating science in Mexico tailored to its specific health needs and genetic profiles.